Dr. Khawaja attended the Aga Khan University Medical College and then University of Health Sciences for a graduate degree in public health. He completed his internal medicine residency and hematology/oncology fellowship at Indiana University School of Medicine. He also completed a fellowship in Investigational Cancer Therapeutics from University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Before moving to Arizona in 2022, he worked at PennState Health and University of Maryland Medical System. He also served in reserve component of U.S. Army Medical Department from 2015 to 2025.